Idaho Database of Solution Thermodynamics

Welcome to the Idaho Database of Solution Thermodynamics (IDST). Currently the IDST compiles published values for activity and osmotic coefficients for binary solute-solvent systems and makes that data and associated references available via a web interface. Currently the IDST has more than 400 binary aqueous datasets and 100 non-aqueous from over 100 different references. The data is presented graphically (axis scales can be adjusted) or tabularly (displayed via web interface or downloadable file) in a variety of concentration and property units. If you wish to submit published data or contact us for another reason you can reach us at ([email protected]).

Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the United States Department of Energy through contract DE-AC07-05ID14517. Funding was supplied by Idaho National Laboratory via the Laboratory Directed Research and Development Fund (LDRD).

Nomenclature (Primary Data Source in Bold)[1,2]

• Concentrations
  • molal, \( \boldsymbol m \), \( \mathbf { \dfrac{\textbf{mol}_{\textbf{B}}}{\textbf{kg solvent}} } \)
  • solute mole fraction, \( \mathrm{ x_B} \), \( \mathrm{ \dfrac{ \mol_B }{ \mol_B+\mol_A } } \)
  • ionic mole fraction, \( \mathrm{ x_{B\pm}} \), \( \mathrm{ \dfrac{ \mathit{v} \cdot \mol_B }{ \mathit{v} \cdot \mol_B + \mol_A }} \)
  • solvent mole fraction, \( \mathrm{ x_{A\pm}} \), \( \mathrm{ \dfrac{ \mol_A }{ \mathit{v} \cdot x_s + \mol_A }} \)
  • weight fraction, \( \mathrm{ w_B / w_\Sigma} \), \( \dfrac{ \text{mass solute} }{ \text{solution total mass} } \)
  • mass ratio, \( \mathrm{ w_B / w_A } \), \( \dfrac{ \text{mass solute} }{ \text{mass solvent} } \)
  • molal ionic strength, \( \text{I} \), \( \text{I} = 0.5 \sum{m\text{z}^2} \)
• Properties
  • molal activity coefficient, \( \mathbf{ \gamma } \), \( \mathbf { \gamma = \textbf{a}_{\textbf{B}} / \textbf{m}} \)
  • molal osmotic coefficient, \( \boldsymbol { \phi } \), \( \boldsymbol { \phi = \dfrac{ - \ln \textbf{a}_\textbf{A} } { v \cdot \textbf{x}_{ \textbf{B}\pm } \cdot M_{\textbf{A}} }} \)
  • rational activity coefficient, \( f \), Calculated as \( f = \gamma \text{ } (1 + v \cdot m \cdot M_\text{A}) \)
  • rational osmotic coefficient, \( g \), Calculated as \( g = \mathrm{ \dfrac{ \ln a_A }{ \ln x_{A\pm} } } \)
  • solvent activity, \( \mathrm{ a_A } \), \( \mathrm{ a_A = p / p^\circ } \) : where \( \mathrm{p} \) is the partial vapor pressure of the solvent in the solution, and \( \mathrm{p^\circ} \) is the partial vapor pressure of pure solvent at the same temperature. Calculated as \( \mathrm{ a_A } = \exp (-\phi \cdot v \cdot m \cdot M_\text{A} ) \)
• Variables and Identifiers
  • activity, \( \mathrm{a} \)
  • ionization assumed, subscript \( \pm \)
  • mass, \( \mathrm{w} \)
  • molecular mass, \( M \)
  • moles, \( \text{mol} \)
  • number of ions in a mole of solute, \( v \)
  • solute charge, \( \mathrm{z} \)
  • solute subscript, \( \mathrm{B} \)
  • solvent subscript, \( \mathrm{A} \)

References

1. R.A. Robinson, R.H. Stokes, Electrolyte Solutions: Second Revised Edition, Dover Publications, Incorporated, 2012.
2. M. Nič, J. Jirát, B. Košata, A. Jenkins, A. McNaught, eds., IUPAC Compendium of Chemical Terminology: Gold Book, 2.1.0, IUPAC, Research Triagle Park, NC, 2009. https://doi.org/10.1351/goldbook.

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